AbstractJIP3, encoded by MAPK8IP3, is an adaptor protein of the kinesin‐1 complex and essential for axonal transport in neurons. However, an association between MAPK8IP3 variants and human disease has not been established. We identified five individuals from four families with recurrent de novo variants c.1732C>T (p.Arg578Cys) and c.3436C>T (p.Arg1146Cys) in MAPK8IP3. The core phenotype includes spastic diplegia, intellectual disability, cerebral atrophy, and corpus callosum hypoplasia....
Wed Apr 03, 2019 21:44
Abstract Purpose of Review Spatial neglect is asymmetric orienting and action after a brain lesion, causing functional disability. It is common after a stroke; however, it is vastly underdocumented and undertreated. This article addresses the implementation gap in identifying and treating spatial neglect, to reduce disability and improve healthcare costs and burden. ...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
Abstract Previous studies from our laboratory showed that in the anesthetized cat, the intradermal injection of capsaicin in the hindpaw facilitated the intraspinal field potentials (IFPs) evoked by stimulation of the intermediate and high-threshold myelinated fibers in the posterior articular nerve (PAN). The capsaicin-induced facilitation was significantly reduced 3–4 h after the injection, despite the persistence of hindpaw inflammation. Although this effect was attributed to...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
Publication date: 1 May 2019Source: Journal of Neuroscience Methods, Volume 319Author(s):
Thu Apr 04, 2019 15:45
Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.
Thu Apr 04, 2019 10:00
Abstract Introduction Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain cancer. The average survival time for the majority of patients is approximately 15 months after diagnosis. A major feature of GBM that contributes to its poor prognosis is its high invasiveness. Caveolae are plasma membrane subdomains that participate in numerous biological functions. Caveolin-1 and Caveolae Associated Protein 1 (CAVIN1), formerly termed Polymerase...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
Publication date: Available online 3 April 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Koki Mimura, Tomofumi Oga, Tetsuya Sasaki, Keiko Nakagaki, Chika Sato, Kayo Sumida, Kohei Hoshino, Koichi Saito, Izuru Miyawaki, Tetsuya Suhara, Ichio Aoki, Takafumi Minamimoto, Noritaka IchinoheAbstractIn autism spectrum disorder (ASD), disrupted functional and structural connectivity in the social brain has been suggested as the core biological mechanism underlying the social recognition deficits of this neurodevelopmental...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 15:46
Publication date: Available online 3 April 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Hyun-Chul Kim, Marion Tegethoff, Gunther Meinlschmidt, Esther Stalujanis, Angelo Belardi, Sungman Jo, Juhyeon Lee, Dong-Youl Kim, Seung-Schik Yoo, Jong-Hwan LeeAbstractThe triple networks, namely the default-mode network (DMN), the central executive network (CEN), and the salience network (SN), play crucial roles in disorders of the brain, as well as in basic neuroscientific processes such as mindfulness. However, currently,...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 15:46
Abstract Purpose Literature reports contradicting results on the response of brain tumors to vascular stimuli measured in T2*-weighted MRI. Here, we analyzed the potential dependency of the MRI-response to (hypercapnic) hyperoxia on the order of the gas administration. Methods T2* values were quantified at 3 Tesla in eight consenting patients at rest and...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose While MRI is the modality of choice for the assessment of patients with brain tumors, differentiation between various tumors based on their imaging characteristics might be challenging due to overlapping imaging features. The purpose of this study was to apply a machine learning scheme using basic and advanced MR sequences for distinguishing different types of brain tumors. ...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose Previous studies have focused on global cerebral alterations observed in cirrhosis. However, little was known about the specific abnormalities of vision-related brain regions in cirrhotic patients. In this study, we sought to explore neurological alterations of vision-related regions by measuring brain resting-state network connectivity, based on the structural investigation in cirrhotic patients without clinical sign...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 03:00
This study assessed the effects of combined low-dose neutron and γ-ray irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampal-dependent memory. Neural progenitor cell division and survival were evaluated in brain sections and whole hippocampal preparations following head irradiation at a dose of 0.34 Gy for neutron radiation and 0.36 Gy for γ-ray radiation. Hippocampal-dependent memory formation was tested in a contextual fear conditioning task following irradiation at doses of 0.4 Gy for neutron...
Wed Apr 03, 2019 03:00
It is generally understood that continuing neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke can exacerbate the brain damage. During the inflammatory hematogenous recruitment process, the monocytes and macrophages are activated into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 cell types. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity has been reported to regulate monocytes/macrophages, and attenuates neuroinflammation. This study aimed to evaluate whether a selective sEH inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic...
Wed Apr 03, 2019 03:00
In this study, we examine the relationship between total brain volume (BV) and the volumes of several main brain compartmental (BC) measures (cortical thickness, cortical surface area, corpus callosum, cortical gray matter, normal appearing cerebral white matter (NAWM), amygdala, accumbens, caudate, hippocampus, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, cerebellar gray matter, and cerebellar WM) of physically and cognitively healthy elderly individuals (mean age: 71 years, age range: 65–85 years). The statistical...
Wed Apr 03, 2019 03:00
Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is decreased in neurons of epilepsy patients and models. Either insulin or overexpressing ZAG suppresses seizure and epileptiform discharges. ZAG is known to influence insulin sensitivity of tissues, but whether insulin regulates ZAG is unknown. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of insulin on ZAG expression and epileptiform discharge-induced oxidative stress. Primary cultured cortical neurons were treated with insulin, AXL1717 (inhibitor of insulin-like growth...
Wed Apr 03, 2019 03:00
Abstract: An 83-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of abducens palsy. Brain MRA revealed arterial dolichoectasia of most cerebral vessels, including the basilar, internal carotid, and middle cerebral arteries. Abducens nerve palsy as a sole manifestation of diffuse intracranial dolichoectasia is unusual but may occur in diffuse intracranial dolichoectasia. Address correspondence to Jose I. Benavides, MD, Dr. Elias Santana Hospital, Department of Neuro Ophthalmology, 501 Prolongacion...
Tue Apr 02, 2019 03:00
Objective: To report the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients with peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Methods: Retrospective, multicenter chart review of patients diagnosed with peripapillary CNVM in the course of the treatment and follow-up of IIH. Results: Records were reviewed from 7 different institutions between 2006 and 2016. Ten patients (13 eyes) with a diagnosis of IIH and at least 3 months...
Tue Apr 02, 2019 03:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The natural history of flow-related aneurysms after obliteration of brain arteriovenous malformations is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the angioarchitecture and morphologic change in flow-related aneurysms after gamma knife surgery of brain arteriovenous malformations.MATERIALS AND METHODS:During a 12-year period, 823 patients with brain arteriovenous malformations underwent gamma knife surgery at our institution with complete peritherapeutic...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Awareness of the potential for exposure to high doses of radiation from interventional radiologic procedures has increased. The purpose of this study was to evaluate image quality and dose reduction of low-dose cerebral angiography during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for intracranial aneurysms.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective review of 1137 prospectively collected patients between January 2012 and June 2014 was performed. Beginning in April 2013, a dose-reduction...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
SUMMARY:In this retrospective case-control study, we investigated whether an image-processing algorithm designed to exaggerate the intensity of diseased hippocampi on FLAIR images can improve the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver reliability of radiologists in detecting mesial temporal sclerosis–related hippocampal signal alteration. Herein, we share the results of this study that showed that the image processing improved the confidence of radiologists in detecting mesial temporal sclerosis–related...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors are rare, aggressive central nervous system tumors that are predominantly encountered in very young children. Our aim was to determine whether in vivo metabolic profiles correlate with molecular features of central nervous system pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty confirmed patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors who underwent MR spectroscopy were included in this study. In vivo metabolite levels...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Moebius sequence comprises a spectrum of brain congenital malformations predominantly affecting the function of multiple cranial nerves. Reported neuroimaging findings are heterogeneous and based on case reports or small case series. Our goal was to describe the neuroimaging findings of Moebius sequence in a large population of patients scanned with MR imaging.MATERIALS AND METHODS:An observational cross-sectional study was performed to assess brain MR imaging findings in 38...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Mechanical thrombectomy with proximal flow control and forced aspiration may improve the outcome of endovascular revascularization therapy for patients with acute stroke. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of balloon-guiding catheter locations in patients treated for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke using mechanical thrombectomy.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The influence of the balloon-guiding catheter location (proximal, balloon-guiding catheter tip proximal...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is no consensus on whether patients undergoing myelography should discontinue medications that could lower their seizure threshold. The purpose of this study was to document the most commonly prescribed seizure threshold–lowering medications in patients undergoing myelography and determine whether withholding such medications decreases the incidence of seizures.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We performed a retrospective observational study of all the myelograms obtained in 2016...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Spine debulking surgery in patients with hypervascular spinal metastasis is associated with massive intraoperative blood loss, but currently, the vascularity of tumor is determined by invasive conventional angiography or dynamic contrast MR imaging. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of noninvasive dual-energy CT-DSA, comparing it with conventional angiography in evaluating the vascularity of spinal metastasis.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study from...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Our aim was to visualize the precise configuration of the aneurysmal neck and dome with/without remnants combined with a coiled dome after coiling treatment for cerebral aneurysms. We developed 3D multifusion imaging of silent MRA and FSE-MR cisternography.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We examined 12 patients with 3D multifusion imaging by composing 3D images reconstructed from TOF-MRA, silent MRA, and FSE-MR cisternography. The influence of magnetic susceptibility artifacts caused...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
SUMMARY:There is a growing understanding of the prognostic importance of non-contrast-enhancing tumor in glioblastoma, and recent attempts at more aggressive management of this component using neurosurgical resection and radiosurgery have been shown to prolong survival. Optimizing these therapeutic strategies requires an understanding of the features that can distinguish non-contrast-enhancing tumor from other processes, in particular vasogenic edema; however, the limited and heterogeneous manner...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:42
For most fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery treatment plans, daily imaging is not routinely performed, because there is little expectation that lesions will change significantly in the short term. However, here, we present the case of an abrupt increase and decrease in tumor volume during fractionated gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for metastatic brain cancer. A 65-year-old man with a history of nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma was admitted to our hospital because of mild cognitive disorder...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 16:48
Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well-established therapy for chronic pain syndromes, with growing applicability to other conditions. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a widespread, chronic movement disorder managed primarily and incompletely by medication, and its etiology can be classified as idiopathic or secondary. Methods: Three patients underwent SCS implantation for chronic back and/or leg pain with concomitant targeting of RLS: (1) a 34-year-old man with sporadic RLS symptoms...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 12:46
Publication date: June 2019Source: World Neurosurgery, Volume 126Author(s): Feng Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Mingyi Wang, Guogdong ZhangBackgroundThe pathophysiology of de novo aneurysm after stenting is poorly understood. Hemodynamic effects may play an important role. We report and discuss the hemodynamic analysis of de novo aneurysm after intracranial stenting.Case DescriptionA 51-year-old female underwent angioplasty and coiling for stenosis associated with an aneurysm of the left intracranial carotid...
Thu Apr 04, 2019 18:27
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