Blog Archive

Search This Blog

Sunday, December 16, 2018

House dust mite drives pro‐inflammatory eicosanoid reprogramming and macrophage effector functions

Abstract

Background

Eicosanoid lipid mediators play key roles in type 2 immune responses, e.g. in allergy and asthma. Macrophages represent major producers of eicosanoids and they are key effector cells of type 2 immunity. We aimed to comprehensively track eicosanoid profiles during type 2 immune responses to house dust mite (HDM) or helminth infection and to identify mechanisms and functions of eicosanoid reprogramming in human macrophages.

Methods

We established an LC‐MS/MS workflow for the quantification of 52 oxylipins to analyze mediator profiles in human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) stimulated with HDM and during allergic airway inflammation (AAI) or nematode infection in mice. Expression of eicosanoid enzymes was studied by qPCR and western blot and cytokine production was assessed by multiplex assays.

Results

Short (24h) exposure of alveolar‐like MDM (aMDM) to HDM suppressed 5‐LOX expression and product formation, while triggering prostanoid (thromboxane and prostaglandin D2 and E2) production. This eicosanoid reprogramming was p38‐dependent, but Dectin‐2‐independent. HDM also induced pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, but reduced granulocyte recruitment by aMDM. In contrast, high levels of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) and 12‐/15‐LOX metabolites were produced in the airways during AAI or nematode infection in mice.

Conclusion

Our findings show that a short exposure to allergens as well as ongoing type 2 immune responses are characterized by a fundamental reprogramming of the lipid mediator metabolism with macrophages representing particularly plastic responder cells. Targeting mediator reprogramming in airway macrophages may represent a viable approach to prevent pathogenic lipid mediator profiles in allergy or asthma.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.



from Allergy and Immunology via a.sfakia on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Br3Fjk

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.

Blog Archive

Pages

   International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 6976: Overcoming Barriers to Agriculture Green T...