Quantitative Assessment of Bladder Cancer Reflects Grade and Recurrence: Comparing of Three Methods of Positioning Region of Interest for ADC Measurements at Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2018

Source: Academic Radiology

Author(s): Hongyi Li, Lin Liu, Lei Ding, Zhenming Zhang, Mengchao Zhang

Purpose

To determine the impact of three different regions of interests (ROIs) positioning methods for apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements on the assessment of the grade and recurrence and to examine the correlation between ADC value and histopathological grade/ Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in patients with bladder cancer.

Materials and Methods

Sixty-one patients with bladder cancer were retrospectively evaluated. Two observers measured mean ADC values using whole-volume-ROIs, single-section-ROI and three-ROIs methods. Interclass correlation coefficient was analyzed to assess interobserver variability. The grade and recurrence in patients with bladder cancer were assessed by calculating the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves with Az values. Spearman's correlation was used to analyze the correlations of ADC value with grade and Ki-67 LI.

Results

For the mean ADC value, the interclass correlation coefficient were excellent with the whole-volume and the single-section method (0.90 [95% CI: 0.84, 0.94] and 0.89 [95% CI: 0.81, 0.93]) and was good with the three-ROIs method (0.72 [95% CI: 0.53, 0.83]). The Az value for determining histological grade and recurrence of bladder cancer were not significantly different from each positioning method (all p > 0.05). There's significant correlation between histological grade and ADC measuring by whole-volume-ROIs and single-section-ROI methods (r = 0.31, p = 0.02; r = 0.37, p < 0.05). The ADC measured by whole-volume-ROIs, single-section-ROI, and three-ROIs methods were significantly and inversely correlated with the Ki-67 LI (r = −0.3; r = −0.49; r = −0.40, all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

There's no significant difference among any of the ROI positioning methods in evaluation of tumor grade and recurrence. There's significant correlation between histological grade and ADC measuring by whole-volume-ROIs and single-section-ROI methods. The ADC value obtained by either of three methods was significantly and inversely correlated with the Ki-67 LI.

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Treatment of Patients with Vocal Fold Atrophy and Comorbid Essential Voice Tremor: Long-Term Injection Augmentation Outcomes After Successful Diagnostic Vocal Fold Injection Augmentation

Vocal fold injection augmentation (VFIA) is employed diagnostically for patients with subtle glottic insufficiency. Its use in patients with both vocal fold atrophy and benign essential voice tremor (EVT) has been reported but not after durable augmentation. This study intends to evaluate the success of durable VFIA using either autologous fat or calcium hydroxylapatite in patients with both vocal fold atrophy and comorbid EVT.

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Biobehavioral Measures of Presbylaryngeus

The objective of this observational study was to assess the relationship between established aging biobehavioral measures and voice decline in normally aging adults.

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Anti-microbial Resistance In Atopic Dermatitis: Need for an Urgent Rethink

Atopic dermatitis (AD) results from a complex interplay of host genetic and environmental factors. There is a long established association between AD and Staphylococcus aureus. In healthy individuals this organism has a dichotomous relationship with the host, being a frequent component of the human microbiome, carried asymptomatically, and on occasion, an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing or influencing a broad ranging disease. In AD, high carriage rates of S. aureus on affected skin is commonly observed, with recent meta-analysis evidence demonstrating colonisation in approximately 70% of affected individuals 1.

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Corrigendum to “National Wisdom Tooth Treatment Audit” [Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 54 (10) (December 2016) e71]

The authors regret that Kate Matin's name was missed of the author list in the original article. It appears correctly above.

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Elevated expression of IL-17RB and ST2 on myeloid dendritic cells is associated with a Th2-skewed eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps

Interleukin(IL)-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) underlie the crosstalk between epithelial cells and dendritic cells (DCs) during the development of Th2 responses. This study aimed to measure...

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Advancements in MAPK signaling pathways and MAPK‐targeted therapies for ameloblastoma: A review

Abstract

Numerous signal transduction pathways are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ameloblastoma(AM). Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a serine/threonine‐specific protein kinase that transduces intracellular signals in critical cellular phenomena. A number of recent analyses have reported that the MAPK signaling pathway contributes significantly to AM. High‐throughput DNA sequencing methods, such as next‐generation sequencing using Illumina have yielded advancements in studies on MAPK signaling pathways and their association with AM; in particular, BRAF V600E is mediated by the activation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. This review discusses advancements in studies on MAPK signaling pathways and MAPK‐targeted inhibitors or antibodies, along with the merits and demerits of MAPK‐targeted therapies, finally followed by a discussion regarding more efficient potential MAPK‐targeted therapies to treat AM with few side effects, thereby providing novel insights into targeted therapy for AM.

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