An 85-year-old woman with history of melanoma is referred for a follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT. 18F-FDG PET/CT scan showed bilateral and peripheral ground-glass opacities in upper and lower pulmonary lobes surrounded by consolidations of crescent shape with increased FDG uptake, findings compatible with organizing pneumonia. Following further inquiry, the patient reported low-grade fever, sore throat, and fatigue for the past 6 days. Because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the patient was tested for...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
The incidence of COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2, is rapidly growing worldwide. In this pandemic period, the chance of incidental pulmonary findings suggestive of COVID-19 at 18F-FDG PET/CT in asymptomatic oncological patients is not negligible. To suspect COVID-19 is more demanding whether its presentation is atypical. We describe the incidental PET/CT detection of an 18F-FDG–avid isolated centrilobular pulmonary consolidation in an asymptomatic lymphoma patient,...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
We present the case of a patient who underwent 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer in which bilateral pneumonia was diagnosed. In the current state of COVID-19 pandemic, a high prevalence of incidental pneumonia may be expected, even with previous clinical triage, explained by a nondefined number of patients who were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic for infectious process. Therefore, nuclear medicine physicians should be prepared to recognize and diagnose incidental...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Abstract Coronary arteries have high curvatures, and hence, flow through them causes disturbed flow patterns, resulting in stenosis and atherosclerosis. This in turn decreases the myocardial flow perfusion, causing myocardial ischemia and infarction. Therefore, in order to understand the mechanisms of these phenomena caused by high curvatures and branching of coronary arteries, we have conducted elaborate hemodynamic analysis for both (i) idealized coronary arteries with geometrical...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective To characterize the role of VEGF, EG‐VEGF and its receptors in the developmentand progression of HNC. Design Human serumand tissues samples were collected from healthy, epulis and HNC patients and used for ELISA assays and immunohistochemistry studies, respectively. Setting Ibn Rochd Hospital of Casablanca (Morocco), INSERM and University of Grenoble Alpes (France). Participants We used serum from 64 patients with head and neck cancers and from 71 controlswithout...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:50
Abstract The ability to promptly respond to behaviourally relevant events depends on both general alertness and phasic changes in attentional state driven by temporal expectations. Using a variable foreperiod simple reaction time (RT) task in four adult male rhesus macaques, we investigated the role of the cholinergic system in alertness and temporal expectation. Foreperiod‐effects on RT reflect temporal expectation, while alertness is quantified as overall response speed. We measured these RT parameters...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:34
Abstract Marijuana intoxication impairs neurocognitive functions. Common side effects of consuming cannabis include time distortion and memory loss. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms involved in these effects remain unclear. We hypothesized that communication between the hippocampal CA1 region and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is essential for the transmission of temporal‐associated information. We used a differential‐reinforcement‐of‐low‐rate (DRL) task, which requires subjects...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 16:25
Abstract Perineuronal nets (PNNs) represent a highly condensed specialized form of brain extracellular matrix (ECM) enwrapping mostly parvalbumin‐positive interneurons in the brain in a mesh‐like fashion. PNNs not only regulate the onset and completion of the critical period during postnatal brain development, control cell excitability and synaptic transmission but are also implicated in several brain disorders including schizophrenia. Holes in the perineuronal nets, harboring the synaptic contacts,...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 16:11
Abstract The striatum is the main input stage of the basal ganglia receiving extrinsic input from cortex and thalamus. The striatal projection neurons (SPN) constitute 95% of the neurons in the striatum in mice while the remaining 5% are cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons. The cholinergic (ChIN) and low threshold spiking interneurons (LTS) are spontaneously active, and form a striatal subnetwork involved in salience detection and goal‐directed learning. Activation of ChINs have been shown to...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 11:53
Abstract Repetitive passive movement (RPM) is a rehabilitation technique that increases spinal reciprocal inhibition (RI) as movement speed increases. However, characterization of the RPM movement number, frequency, and range relative to the afferent impulses of muscle spindles and RI modulation has not been performed. In this study, we attempted to clarify these factors and evaluate their relationship to RI. We used 20 healthy adults for our first experiment (Experiment 1) and 16 healthy adults...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 11:18
Enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) were isolated from 14 days rat embryos, cultured into neurospheres, and labeled via GFP transduction. Inhibition of the ROCK pathway increased the viable cell number and growth, differentiation, and migration of ENCCs in vitro. Moreover, transplantation of GFP‐labeled ENCCs into the chemically induced hypoganglionic gut showed enhanced survival and expanded distribution of transplanted ENCCs upon treatment with ROCK inhibitor Y‐27632 in vivo. Abstract Background...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:37
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:16
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:15
The diagnosis of functional constipation (FC) is based on the Rome criteria. The last edition of the criteria (Rome IV) for infants and toddlers modified the criteria to differentiate toilet‐trained (TT) and non‐toilet‐trained (NTT) children. We aimed to understand the impact of adding toilet training to the diagnostic criteria and to assess the prevalence of FC. We found that TT children are more likely to have FC, and there were no changes in the prevalence of FC using the Rome IV criteria vs Rome...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 17:15
Abstract Background The vagus nerve has anti‐inflammatory properties. We aimed to investigate vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) as a new therapeutic strategy targeting an intrinsic anti‐inflammatory pathway in a pilot study in Crohn's disease patients. The main objectives addressed the questions of long‐term safety, tolerability, and anti‐inflammatory effects of this therapy. This study is the continuation of previous reported findings at 6 months. Methods Nine patients with moderate active...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 15:19
Lesion of the medial forebrain bundle caused reductions in the responses to activation of the defecation centers in the lumbo‐sacral spinal cord, reduced ENS‐mediated propulsion, and enteric neuropathy 4‐5 weeks later, indicating trans‐synaptic changes in neuronal properties. Abstract Background Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction, including constipation, is a common non‐motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). The toxin 6‐hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) produces the symptoms of PD, surprisingly including...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 14:29
AbstractTo learn more about the mechanisms of human dietary fat perception, 398 human twins rated fattiness and liking for six types of potato chips that differed in triglyceride content (2.5, 5, 10, and 15% corn oil); reliability estimates were obtained from a subset (n = 50) who did the task twice. Some chips also had a saturated long-chain fatty acid (hexadecanoic acid, 16:0) added (0.2%) to evaluate its effect on fattiness and liking. We computed the heritability of these measures and conducted...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
End-stage temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease is caused by a multitude of pathological processes that impair TMJ anatomy and function. In many cases, end-stage TMJ disease and dentofacial skeletal deformities coexist. The optimal treatment for such conditions is total alloplastic joint replacement and orthognathic surgery. Such procedures have historically been conducted in two separate stages. Furthermore, while technological improvements resulting from the widespread adoption of virtual reality...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive thyroid malignancy predominantly affecting the elderly with a fatal outcome. ATC with rhabdoid phenotype is a rare variant, with only a few cases reported in the literature to date. We herein report a case of a 44‐year old female diagnosed as ATC with rhabdoid phenotype. She had a slow‐growing neck mass with no gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE) or nodal/distant metastasis at presentation. Computed tomography of the neck showed...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 15:01
Abstract Background Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) is an important modality to obtain tissue diagnosis from mediastinal, pancreatic, and intra‐abdominal lesions in close proximity to the pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract. It is considered to be a relatively safe, rapid, and minimally invasive technique with low complication rates. Aims To determine the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 15:00
Background The management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has evolved rapidly, and results from the Cancer du Rein Metastatique Nephrectomie et Antiangiogéniques (CARMENA) trial bring into question the utility of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN). The objective of this study was to examine overall survival (OS) and identify risk factors associated with patients less likely to benefit from CN in the targeted therapy era. Methods Patients with mRCC undergoing CN from 2005 to 2017 were...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 16:14
Tue Jun 09, 2020 16:13
Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of areca nut consumption and to identify social and behavioural determinants among a Taiwanese adolescent population. Subjects and Methods A random sample of 5,343 high school students aged between 15 to 18 years in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, participated in the study. Participants underwent a clinical dental examination and completed a self‐administered questionnaire. Data analyses were performed using multivariate logistic regression...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:14
ABSTRACT The global situation that has been established is worrying due to the pandemic of COVID‐19. In this context, the great majority of government entities have turned their attention even more to the importance of scientific research in solving health issues since public policies must be strongly based on science to perform their function efficiently. We are on the right track when choosing to survive. And surviving means sparing no effort to find a cure. Such a process involves investments...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:03
The peripheral nervous system lacks lymphatic vessels and is protected by the blood–nerve barrier. In the present study, increased expression of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE‐1) and Prospero Homeobox 1 (Prox1) were observed in the sciatic nerve 7 days after injury, suggesting the presence of lymphatic vessels. Therefore, this study provides evidence of new lymphatic vessels involvement (mediated by Prox1) in nerve repair after sciatic nerve injury. Abstract The peripheral...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 18:34
Abstract Background In this exploratory study, the impact of local irradiation on systemic changes in stress and immune parameters was investigated in eight patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for prostate adenocarcinoma to gain deeper insights into how radiotherapy (RT) modulates the immune system. ...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Social media has existed since the telegraph was invented in 1792 but it has not been until the digital age that its use has increased exponentially. Since sixdegrees™ was launched in 1997, the first blogging sites appeared in 1999, and, social media has since exploded worldwide with various platforms including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and others.1
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Mucocoeles can be defined as benign lesions that have resulted from extravasation or retention of saliva in the extraglandular spaces, and commonly affect the minor salivary glands. This case details a mucous retention cyst within the parotid gland of an infant, and its management.
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Intrathecal chemotherapy procedures are stressful to patients and caregivers, especially the first time. Providing the patient and caregiver with sufficient information to address their concerns before the scheduled procedure is necessary. This study aims to determine whether the use of video instructions could enhance learning outcomes and decrease anxiety levels in patients’ caregivers. A prospective trial was conducted in pediatric hematology for 1 year. Thirty-seven...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Growing numbers of SARS-CoV-2 cases coupled with limited understanding of transmissibility and virulence, have challenged the current workflow and clinical care pathways for the dysphagia provider. At the same time, the need for non-COVID-19-related dysphagia care persists. Increased awareness of asymptomatic virus carriers and variable expression of the disease have also focused attention to appropriate patient care in the context of protection for the healthcare workforce....
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) was developed to evaluate dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to investigate the interrater reliability and validity of the EDACS in adults with CP. This cross-sectional study included 117 community-dwelling adults (mean age, 37.9 ± 12.5 years) with a confirmed CP diagnosis. A swallowing occupational therapist (SwOT) conducted detailed interviews with participants and/or caregivers...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
ERAS for Head and Neck Tissue Transfer Reduces Opioid Usage, Peak Pain Scores, and Blood Utilization
Objectives We implement a novel enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol with pre‐operative non‐opioid loading, total intravenous anesthesia, multimodal peri‐operative analgesia, and restricted red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions. 1) Compare differences in mean postoperative peak pain scores, opioid usage, and pRBC transfusions. 2) Examine changes in overall length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit LOS, complications, and 30‐day readmissions. Methods Retrospective cohort study comparing...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 20:03
Objectives Mental health disorders are very common. Understanding their clinical manifestations in terms of voice and laryngeal disorders (VLD) is important because they constitute a significant proportion of all patients seen by otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery. In this study, we examine different mental disorders (MDs) and their presenting symptoms and diagnoses of VLD. Methods Case series study, retrospective chart review of patients seen between January 2016 and December 2017 at the...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 21:09
Objectives We describe drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) obstruction patterns in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on body mass index (BMI). We also evaluate subgroups of patients with clinically significant obstruction patterns at the velopharynx and oropharynx. Study Design Retrospective chart review. Methods Single‐institution, retrospective chart review of adults with OSA who underwent DISE with dexmedetomidine sedation from 2016 to 2018. Endoscopic findings were...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 20:59
Objective Create and validate an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) for otolaryngology residents learning how to perform a tonsillectomy. Study Design Multicenter prospective longitudinal validation study. Methods A multi‐institutional study at six tertiary academic otolaryngology residency programs from July 2009 to May 2012. Using the modified Delphi technique, a panel of pediatric otolaryngologists created a tonsillectomy task‐based checklist (TBC) for a tonsil...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 16:28
Objectives This study aims to determine the cost‐effectiveness of screening and treating otolaryngology–head and neck surgery residents for depression. Methods A Markov model was built using TreeAgePro, version 2019 (TreeAge Software Inc.; Williamstown, MA) to assess the cost‐effectiveness of five potential treatment algorithms: 1) treat all residents with psychotherapy, 2) screen and treat depressed residents with psychotherapy, 3) screen and treat depressed residents with pharmacotherapy,...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 16:13
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