Abstract Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 opposite strand 1 (KCNQ1OT1), a long non-coding RNA found in the KCNQ1 locus, has been evidenced to play important roles in the aggravation of inflammatory and oxidative stresses under hypoxia, but whether and how KCNQ1OT1 contributes to neuronal damages in the cerebral ischemic stroke remains unknown. In the present study, we found a dominant upregulation of KCNQ1OT1 both...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Oxidative stress can induce lung damage and aggravate airway inflammation in asthma. Previously, we reported that rosmarinic acid (RA) exerted strong anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse allergic asthma model. Therefore, we hypothesized that RA might also have antioxidative effects in a superimposed asthma mouse model with oxidative lung damage challenged with ovalbumin (Ova) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We evaluated the antioxidative...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Lysophosphatidylinositol (LysoPI), an endogenous ligand for G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 55, has been known to show various functions in several tissues and cells; however, its roles in the central nervous system (CNS) are not well known. In particular, the detailed effects of LysoPI on microglial inflammatory responses remain unknown. Microglia is the immune cell that has important functions in maintaining immune homeostasis...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Background We examined PD‐L1 expression on tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs) as well as density of CD3+ and CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and investigated their significance on clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. Methods In a cohort of 65 patients treated by definitive intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with curative intent, immunohistochemical analysis of PD‐L1 expression...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:20
Abstract Background The presence and grading of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) are considered the gold standard for predicting the malignant risk of oral potentially malignant disorders. However, inter‐observer and intra‐observer agreement in the context of reporting on OED grading has been reputedly considered unreliable. Methods We undertook a multi‐centre study of six Indian oral pathologists to assess variations in reporting using the World Health Organisation (WHO; 2005) system and...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:18
Abstract Background Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an uncommon bullous disease typically involving the oral cavity. The most commonly used laboratory test for the diagnosis of MMP is direct immunofluorescence (DIF) on fresh perilesional tissue, however, the sensitivity of this test may be hampered by technical difficulties. Immune‐serological investigations can also be employed to render a diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to present an evaluation of diagnostic testing for MMP within...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:10
Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate and describe the current patterns of practice pertaining to orofacial pain amongst oral medicine specialists in Australia and provide insight into the access of care available to orofacial pain patients in Australia. Methods A survey involving questions relevant to orofacial pain, patient and practitioner demographics was designed and disseminated via an online polling platform to all Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency registered...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 12:04
Abstract Background To evaluate the diagnostic patterns and factors that may influence delays in the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) with oral involvement. Materials and Methods In this prospective cohort study, 36 newly diagnosed PV patients with oral involvement were clinically examined and interviewed about the natural history of the oral lesions, number of medical consultations (Med consultation), medical treatment history, and diagnostic delay time (DD time). Results Thirty...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 11:44
Abstract Background Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the reasons for treatment failure in oral squamous cancer patients, however, the MDR mechanisms remain elusive. Methods Two human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines, CAL27 and SCC9 were analyzed by stepwise selection upon exposure to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) for MDR cell line establishment, and cell viability was analyzed by CCK8 assays. Transcriptomes of the CAL27 and CAL27‐MDR cells were analyzed by...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 12:55
LaryngorhinootologieDOI: 10.1055/a-1178-0800 Einleitung Zur Wertigkeit einer Wunddrainage bei einer Parotidektomie existieren keine validen klinischen Studien. Das Ziel der aktuellen Studie ist es zu untersuchen, ob durch die Einlage bzw. den Verzicht auf eine geschlossene Wunddrainage (sog. Redon) bei einer lateralen und partiellen Parotidektomie die Häufigkeit der postoperativen Komplikationen, wie Nachblutung, Wundheilungsstörung und Wundinfektion, sowie Speichelzyste und -fistel beeinflusst...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 02:00
Tue Jun 09, 2020 20:53
PROTECTinG (Perioperative Timing of Elective Chemical Thromboprophylaxis in General surgery) is a multicentre cohort study which has demonstrated that perioperative chemical thromboprophylaxis usage is variable among patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The rate of clinical venous thromboembolism post‐cholecystectomy is low. Early chemoprophylaxis increases bleeding risk without an appreciable additional protection from venous thromboembolism. Abstract Background Cholecystectomy...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 14:15
We describe an approach for complete mesocolic excision and central vessel ligation utilizing a robotic platform. We describe the steps in detail focusing on a superior mesenteric vein‐first approach.
Mon Jun 08, 2020 20:14
Patient factors significantly influence outcomes in the emergency setting. Given that this is not modifiable at the time of surgery, greater emphasis needs to be placed on optimizing the physical and behavioural factors of patients with early symptomatic hernias for an elective repair. Abstract Background Strangulated and obstructed ventral hernias require emergent repair to mitigate the risk of life‐threatening complications. Emergency ventral hernia repairs are associated with a higher...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 18:00
Abstract Recent advances in understanding of the biology of appendicitis are reviewed. Immunological aspects are discussed in the setting of a changing microbiome. Implications for practice are summarized.
Mon Jun 08, 2020 17:40
Abstract Rarely, salivary gland tumors such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, mammary analogue secretory carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma arise as primary tumors from ectopic or metaplastic salivary gland tissue adjacent to or within the thyroid gland. We report for the first time a case of primary salivary acinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) adjacent to the thyroid gland in a 71-year-old female patient with Crohns disease and a previous history of malignant melanoma. Following the development...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Disruptive behavior in the healthcare system is costly because it has an adverse effect on patient outcomes, staff morale, and referrals to a healthcare organization, and it increases staff turnover. A small proportion of medical providers exhibit disruptive behavior, but those individuals may exhibit this behavior frequently in some healthcare institutions so that this type of conduct is not uncommonly there. Each healthcare institution should have policies and procedures to address disruptive behavior...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a variety of neoplastic entities and exhibit variable degrees of neuroendocrine differentiation and phenotypes, as well as genetic profiles. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET is a novel imaging technique for NET. Although PET/CT is commonly utilized for oncologic imaging, PET/MRI is particularly suited for NETs, as MRI provides greater soft tissue contrast than CT, allowing for improved detection and characterization of NETs, particularly when liver metastasis is suspected...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Healthcare credentialing is the methodology used by an organization to obtain and validate a practitioner’s credentials, typically to participate in patient care. Privileging is the process by which the designated individuals in the healthcare organization evaluate the credentials, as well as the performance of the individual to determine that the provider is worthy to have certain privileges in the institution to contribute to the care of patients. The healthcare institution must have appropriate...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
A 58-year-old woman experienced 4 months of headache, fatigue, and depression, as well as 1 week of confusion and hallucinations. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed numerous hypermetabolic lesions in the pituitary gland and stalk, dura mater, glossopharyngeal nerve, and cauda equina, as well as in cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes. Surgical biopsy of the mediastinal lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. The follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT, performed at the eighth month after the treatment of glucocorticoids...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Background 18F-Fluciclovine is the most recent prostate cancer (PCa)–directed PET radiotracer approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for detection of recurrent PCa. We report the treatments and outcomes of patients at our institution with PCa recurrences detected on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Methods We identified men with recurrent PCa detected on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT performed between 2017 and 2018 who were previously treated definitively and analyzed their patterns of care...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
A 66-year-old man with history of papillary thyroid cancer status post total thyroidectomy underwent 131I-radioiodine ablation. Posttherapy 131I whole-body scan revealed unexpected activity within the left posterior ankle. SPECT/CT localized the radioiodine uptake to a gouty tophus in the Achilles tendon. Received for publication January 20, 2020; revision accepted April 6, 2020. Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. Correspondence to: Saeed Elojeimy, MD, PhD, Department...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Disruptive behavior has major adverse consequences for patient care, morale of the staff, and institutional reputation. Disruptive actions must be confronted as soon as is feasible. Usually, such behavior will not recur following 1 more firm conversations by officials of the healthcare institution, but if necessary disciplinary measures and/or remediation may be necessary. Rarely, because of egregious or repeated offenses, it may be obligatory to suspend the privileges of the individual permanently...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the association between autonomic dysfunction and striatal dopamine depletion or metabolic changes in de novo Parkinson disease (PD). Methods Based on the Composite Autonomic Severity Score (CASS), patients with de novo PD were classified into PD with (PD-AUT+) and without autonomic dysfunction (PD-AUT−) groups. We compared the dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in the striatum by quantitatively measuring 18F-FP-CIT PET between both...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
A 51-year-old man diagnosed with high-grade, high-volume metastatic castration-sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma received pelvic radiation, androgen deprivation therapy, and intravenous docetaxel. Serum prostate-specific antigen became undetectable following treatment. Within a year, his cancer progressed to castration-resistant disease, and he was treated with oral abiraterone acetate 1000 mg and prednisone 10 mg daily. Despite this, the serum prostate-specific antigen rose from 0.03 to 1.39 μg/L,...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Uncommon penile metastasis from prostate cancer has been reported on PET/CT imaging with 18F-FDG, 18F-fluorocholine, 11C-choline, and 68Ga-PSMA. The author presents an additional case of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT depiction of proximal and distal cavernosal metastases from prostate cancer with corresponding contrast-enhanced CT findings. Received for publication February 7, 2020; revision accepted April 10, 2020. Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. Correspondence...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
After standard treatment of glioblastoma, pseudoprogression versus true progression is a clinical challenge. Indeed, to differentiate these 2 on contrast MRI (cMRI) is problematic. In recent time, 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen-11 (68Ga-PSMA) PET/CT has been suggested to have high accuracy in glioblastoma recurrence. We present a case of a 40-year-old man with right frontotemporal glioblastoma underwent surgery and radiotherapy. One month posttreatment cMRI showed a new enhancing lesion...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) PET/CT scan is the imaging modality of choice for staging and restaging of carcinoma prostate. Although initially thought to be a tracer with high specificity for prostatic tissue, with its extensive clinical use, there has been a rise in published literature citing its uptake in nonprostatic conditions. We present a case where false-positive PSMA uptake was noted in glomus jugulare during staging workup for carcinoma prostate. Received for publication...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Purpose As patients with progressive medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and radioiodine-refractory metastatic differentiated nonmedullary thyroid cancer (DTC) have poor prognoses and present therapeutic challenges, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) targeting the somatostatin receptor provides a promising option. This meta-analysis evaluated the therapeutic effects and outcomes of PRRT in differentiated thyroid cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and COCHRANE...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
A 55-year-old woman with back pain underwent 18F-NaF PET/CT study to evaluate bone metastases from newly diagnosed breast cancer. Multiple foci of increased tracer uptake indicating osteoblastic metastases were noted in cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Unexpectedly, breast cancer also revealed increased NaF activity. Received for publication March 15, 2020; revision accepted April 10, 2020. Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. Correspondence to: Yue Chen, MD, Department...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Adrenal and bone metastases as the initial presentation of endometrial carcinoma are rare. We report a case of endometrial carcinoma in a 47-year-old woman with initial manifestation as right chest wall pain, which was suspected as adrenal cortical carcinoma with rib metastasis after diagnostic CT scan. However, uterine and pelvic bone lesions were revealed by staging FDG PET/CT. Eventually, endometrial carcinoma with adrenal and bone metastases was confirmed pathologically. Received for publication...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
We report the results of 18F-FDG PET/CT in an asymptomatic case of COVID-19 infection. A 27-year-old woman underwent FDG PET/CT for revaluation of a stage IIIE B Hodgkin lymphoma after the fourth cycle of chemotherapy. It showed intense avid FDG subpleural mixed ground-glass and consolidative lesions, especially in the left lung. Because of this morpho-metabolic aspect and the epidemic context, a viral pneumopathy was suspected. The patient who was initially asymptomatic was admitted for fever 28...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
We present an asymptomatic 70-year-old man referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging of a Hodgkin lymphoma. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy (stage II). Incidentally, the CT demonstrated bilateral ground-glass opacities with low-grade 18F-FDG activity. CT findings were suspicious for COVID-19 pneumonitis. The COVID-19 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examination result was negative. Given the high clinical suspicion for COVID-19, the patient...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Within a few months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with more than 2 million patients infected and a high mortality rate. Early detection of COVID-19 in oncologic patients is crucial in order to rapidly apply isolation measures and avoid nosocomial spread. However, early diagnosis may be challenging, especially in cancer patients under treatment with immunotherapy as drug-induced pneumonitis can present similar clinical and radiological features. We describe the findings...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Between March 26 and April 6, among 80 patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT in our department (Brescia, Italy), 4 showed the presence of an interstitial pneumonia suspected for COVID-19 with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmation. All patients except one had bilateral ground-glass opacities and/or lung consolidations in at least 2 pulmonary lobes. Inferior lobes and basal segments were the most frequent site of disease. All lung lesions had an increased FDG uptake corresponding...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
A 73-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and no known malignancies was evaluated for back pain. MR examination showed lumbar spine compression fractures, and an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan was requested to assess for skeletal metastatic disease and potential detection of a primary neoplasm. The PET/CT examination revealed scattered FDG-avid pulmonary opacities with upper lobe preponderance highly suspicious for COVID-19. Real-time polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal swabs...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
An 85-year-old woman visited our hospital with repetitive diarrhea, nausea, and anorexia, as well as aggressive behavior. The neurologist decided to perform dopamine transporter imaging (18F-FP-CIT PET/CT) for accurate diagnosis, taking into account the potential adverse effects of L-dopa that the patient had been taking for a long time. The uptake of dopamine transporter in the bilateral basal ganglia was well preserved, but reduced uptake in the left parotid gland was incidentally detected. A subsequent...
Mon Jun 08, 2020 03:00
Orangutans, but not other species, increased in number in response to a fruiting peak during the study. Abstract Knowledge of niche partitioning with respect to habitat is indispensable to understand the mechanism of coexistence of multiple species. Among primates, however, data are still deficient because repeated survey for a sufficiently long time, covering seasonal changes over a large area, is the only way to clarify habitat segregation within a seasonally fluctuating environment. Southeast...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 15:43
Family interactions, including play, are associated with early learning in marmosets. Abstract Early environment can have a major impact on development, with family life known to play an important role. Longitudinal studies can therefore help increase our understanding of variance in cognitive abilities in young animals, as well as over time. We followed 22 marmosets (11 male and 11 female) from infancy through to early adolescence. At 3 months old, the marmosets were trained to reliably touch...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 15:33
Abstract Objectives To evaluate and compare the initial changes in pulpal blood flow (PBF) between conventional and self-ligating fixed orthodontic brackets during leveling and alignment stage using 0.016 × 0.022 NiTi as alignment archwire. Materials and methods Twenty-two patients (16 females and 6 males) aged 19.00 ± 2.53 years who presented with mild lower...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objectives Analyze the association between higher added sugar exposure and periodontal disease in adolescents (18–19 years old). Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study nested to RPS Cohorts Consortium, São LuÃs, Brazil (n = 2515). The exposure was percentage of daily calories from added sugar (≥ 10%), estimated from a quantitative...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objectives To evaluate via scanning electron microscopy the amount of smear layer generated during the use of sonic and ultrasonic activation systems with standardized short-term intentional contacts with the canal walls. Methodology Seventy single-root human teeth were randomly assigned to 2 control (n = 5 each): NC (negative control), PC (positive...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective A systematic review and meta-analysis was thus conducted to answer the following focused question based on PICO strategy: Is there any 3D matrix biomaterial used for root coverage of human Miller class I and II defects equivalent with the connective tissue graft in localized defects of at least 2 mm and 3 mm? Material and methods The search...
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
Abstract Objective To analyse the bond quality in dentine post-ageing after salivary contamination and decontamination at different stages of dental adhesive application. Materials and methods A total of 1120 human dentine specimens were randomly allocated to 14 groups for four intervals (n = 20) to be treated with a self-etching (SE) and universal (U) adhesive....
Tue Jun 09, 2020 03:00
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