No abstract available
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The anterior skull base undergoes a progressive ossification after birth. This has implications on the epidural dissection of early trans-craniofacial osteotomy procedures such as monobloc advancements. Our purpose was to determine the rate of ossification in syndromic synostosis patients relative to a normal cohort to establish when maturation of the anterior skull base is complete. The authors analyzed CT scans from 35 patients with Crouzon, Apert or Pfeiffer syndrome, and 84 patients without any...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
An indirect anthropometric study was conducted to find out whether neoclassical facial canons could be applied to the population of Brazilian white young adults. The study was based on standardized facial photographs of 689 women and 666 men aged 30 years ± 6 months. The findings were compared to those observed for the North American Caucasian population. The frequency of 5 canons was assessed: facial thirds; interorbital width; nose and eye widths; mouth and nose widths; and face and nose widths....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The temple is an intriguing region of the face with unique anatomic features, such as the temporal hairline, concave contour, and close proximity to vital structures like the frontal branch of the facial nerve. However, cancerous skin lesions can plague this sun-exposed region and, when excised, it can result in large and significant defects. Reconstruction in this area is a formidable challenge for surgeons, as it requires comprehensive knowledge of temple morphology and the use of creative techniques...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Hemangiomas are benign vascular lesions characterized by endothelial vascular proliferation and may demonstrate aggressive clinical features. Intraosseous hemangiomas are uncommon and the maxillary location rare, with few cases described in the literature. The treatment of these lesions varies, however they have a better prognosis when a surgical treatment through resection is performed. The aim of this study is to report a case of right maxillary cavernous intraosseous hemangioma treated by surgical...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression (ETOCD) for patients with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) and identify the relevant prognostic factors. Methods: Seventy-two indirect TON patients who underwent ETOCD surgery from August 2017 to May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The paired t-test was used to compare the visual acuity (VA) before and after ETOCD, and multiple linear regression analysis was used...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: To determine the relationship between visual acuity and corneal curvature change in children after epiblepharon correction surgery by corneal topography. Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed the data of 62 children (121 eyes) who had epiblepharon surgery. The authors measured keratometric values of corneal curvature for 2 corneal zones: central 3 and 5 mm zone. Two zones were classified into 4 areas, including nasal, superior, temporal, and inferior area. Visual acuity and...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: Latent cranial suture fusions may present with mild or absent phenotypic changes that make the clinical diagnosis challenging. Recent reports describe patients with sagittal synostosis and a normal cranial index (CI), a condition termed normocephalic sagittal craniosynostosis (NSC). The goal of this study is to evaluate the shape and intracranial volume (ICV) in a cohort of NSC patients using quantitative cranial shape analysis (CSA). Methods: We identified 19 patients (7.5 ± 2.28...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Kenny-Caffey Syndrome Type 2 (KCS2) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature, skeletal dysplasia, primary hypoparathyroidism, and delayed closure of the anterior fontanelle. Patients with KCS2 typically require multidisciplinary management due to numerous craniofacial and skeletal anomalies. Craniosynostosis, however, has not yet been identified in a patient with KCS2 to the best of our knowledge. We present the first case of craniosynostosis in the setting of KCS2 and provide a...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Isolated fracture of maxillary sinus anterior wall is relatively uncommon. If the extent of fracture is minimal, only conservative care is amenable, however, there is no agreement on whether infraorbital nerve dysfunction can be used as an indication for surgical intervention. This study was conducted to verify the effect of decompression surgery of infraorbital foramen for recovery of hypoesthesia. A total of 26 patients with unilateral fracture of maxillary sinus anterior wall were enrolled. Ten...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Delayed orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is rare during orbital blowout fracture reconstruction. A 30-year-old woman fractured the right orbital floor in a fall and undergone repairing operation 2 weeks later. After severe sneezing on postoperative day 10, she gradually arose vision loss, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis with a dilated and fixed pupil within few hours, then consulted our department and was diagnosed as OAS. Computed tomography scan showed displaced implant and retrobulbar emphysema resulting in...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Rigid reconstruction for frontal bone defects not only improves function, but also approximates more normal appearance. However, in cases involving dural scar contractures, a concave deformation remains when rigid reconstruction is performed without compensating for dead space created by swelling of the brain. This study involved 4 cases in which a 2-stage reconstruction procedure was used to first eliminate dead space by grafting dermal fat, and subsequently carry out rigid reconstruction to achieve...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) has become increasingly widespread for the head and neck surgery procedures. In this paper, the authors describe the first reported TORS in the management of a laryngeal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). A 77-year-old woman suffered from progressive dysphonia lasting 2 years and occasional dyspnea. A submucosal mass of about 4 cm in diameter involving the left supraglottis and left aryepiglottic fold was detected during the flexible fibre-optic laryngeal examination....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of blepharoptosis surgery in patients with deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus (DUES). This case series included 10 consecutive patients (19 eyes) with DUES associated with use of a prostaglandin analog for glaucoma. Patients who had used bimatoprost and developed DUES were changed to an alternative prostaglandin analog and observed for ≥3 months. If there was no improvement, they underwent levator resection for blepharoptosis...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Giant lipomas are rarely found in the head and neck region. A 67-year-old male patient presented with a massive ventral swelling of his neck extending from the lower margin of the mandible to the clavicle. The mass had slowly grown over 20 years without causing any symptoms, except for considerable psychological stress because of the disfiguration of the patient's profile appearance. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging suggested a lipomatous soft tissue lesion. The surgically removed tumor measured...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the different fracture pattern of patients being treated with trapezoidal plate fixation of condylar base and neck fractures using the AOCMF Classification System to determine specific fracture pattern that are associated with failure of trapezoidal plate fixation. Ten patients with mandibular condylar base and neck fractures underwent internal fixation using trapezoidal plates. Fractures of the condylar process were classified according to the AOCMF Classification...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The reconstruction of full thickness scalp defects following oncologic resection poses a unique challenge that is further magnified in “extremely elderly” patients, defined as those in at least their ninth decade of life, who are often unsuitable candidates for complex reconstruction. A “simpler” option is two-stage reconstruction: placement of Integra dermal regenerative template (Integra Life Science, Plainsboro, NJ) followed by a split thickness skin graft (STSG). This case series illustrates...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Isolated symphyseal or parasymphyseal mandibular fractures can confer significant morbidity in children. However, this mandibular injury pattern has not been well-characterized in children. This study investigated isolated symphyseal/parasymphyseal mandibular fractures in pediatric patients. Methods: This was a 29-year retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of pediatric patients who presented to a single institution with isolated symphyseal/parasymphyseal mandibular fractures....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: A closed globe trauma is often associated with orbital wall fractures. In addition to diplopia, further eye disturbances can be observed. The aim of this preliminary prospective study was to investigate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in patients that presented with orbital fractures in association with diplopia but without decreased visual acuity or further ocular symptoms. Methods: Only patients who were admitted and surgically treated for orbital wall fractures...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: Learning facial fracture management principles can be challenging for surgical trainees. Residents must assimilate nuances of fixation techniques, skeletal biomechanics, and hardware use while managing acute work-flow limitations. This study aims to design a standardized-schematic for teaching facial fracture management and evaluate its performance improving resident operative planning. Methods: Printable schematics of the facial skeleton with soft-tissue overlay were developed....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
As the most prominent portion of the human body, the face embraces a multifaceted responsibility for functionality and survival while contributing to identity and self-image. Inopportunely, due to its distinctive anatomical location, the face as a unit is highly suspectable to trauma, particularly in warfare. As a result, facial injury creates a physical and psychological trauma that needs to be addressed immediately. In the following article, a detailed literature review was conducted to examine...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Object: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) may allow for maximal volumetric expansion in the posterior vault (PV) by overcoming viscoelastic forces of overlying soft tissues. Little evidence exists regarding surgical planning and anticipated 3D volumetric changes pre- and post-operatively. We aim to study the volumetric changes occurring in PV distraction in lambdoid craniosynostosis. Methods: From 2007 to 2019, a single institution retrospective review revealed 232 craniosynostosis patients....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The most serious complication of free flap transfer is total flap necrosis, which is usually due to a microvascular problem. The development of a microsurgical instrument has greatly lowered the prevalence of postoperative vascular trouble to a rate of 1% to 3%. However, necrosis of the transferred flap in head and neck reconstruction can cause serious complications and postoperative functional deficiency. Therefore, for blood circulation disorder of the flap following free flap transfer, it is necessary...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Many factors govern the nature, severity, and outcome of missile war injuries and associated soft tissue damages. Managements of primary phase and trauma care have improved significantly. Many of these injured victims survived and require immediate care for primary phase management. Secondary phase was achieved by reconstruction of soft tissue by local, regional flaps, and bony defect by bone grafting. There is no consensus on timing of treatment of bone and soft tissue of missile war injuries. ...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the surgical method of endoscopic conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy with Jones tube insertion using a Castroviejo double-ended lacrimal dilator and to elucidate the surgical outcomes. Methods: Under general anesthesia and preoperative epinephrine soaking, a monopolar needle cautery instrument was used to remove the nasal mucosa over the lacrimal and maxillary bone junction. After the lacrimal and maxillary bone junction was exposed, an oval osteotomy...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: Open cranial vault remodeling (CVR) with autologous split calvarial bone grafts redistributes and recontours an abnormal calvarium to create an expanded cranial vault in patients with craniosynostosis. We report a 12-year retrospective review of 162 nonsyndromic patients who underwent operative repair using our previously-described technique which portends excellent surgical outcomes and can be applied to patients of any age group and with any variety of suture fusion. Methods: Data...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic performance of a single Herbert bone screw in the treatment of mandibular angle fractures. A prospective case series clinical trial enrolling a sample of patients with unilateral isolated mandibular angle fractures was implemented in this study. The primary outcome variable was the fracture healing with postoperative stability. The secondary outcome was the incidence of postoperative complications. All of the recorded data were documented,...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and complications of levator reinsertion in aponeurotic ptosis surgery using anterior and posterior approaches. Methods: Seventy-eight (36 females, 42 males) patients with acquired aponeurotic ptosis were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative margin reflex distance, symmetry of height, contour and skin crease, corneal problems, and lagophthalmus were evaluated and compared between the 2 groups. Independent and paired samples t-test, Pearson Chi-square, and...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR) is advantageous in that it avoids facial scar formation, does not damage the medial canthus ligament, and recovers quickly. The main purpose of EDCR is to establish a fistula large enough to completely expose the lacrimal sac and avoid complications. Accurate location of lacrimal sac and complete opening of lacrimal sac are the keys to successful operation. However, due to the individual differences in the size of the lacrimal sac and the anatomical...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of infraorbital region taping on patients’ postoperative edema and ecchymosis, satisfaction levels, and anxiety during follow-up. Methods: A total of 64 patients who underwent septorhinoplasty were included in this randomized controlled prospective study. According to the randomization list, the taping group's (TG) infraorbital region was taped with adhesive strips. Others were included in the control group and were classified as the nontaping group....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The main objective of this study was to display the morphologic properties of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) in human fetuses in term of early childhood surgeries. Methods: Twenty-four (10 females and 14 males) fetal cadavers aged from 16th to 28th weeks of gestation (at mean, 21.54 ± 3.11 weeks) were included in the present study. The dimensions of ACP were measured with a digital image analysis software. Results: Taking into account the length, width, and angle of ACP,...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Background: Repair of the septal perforation is a challenging procedure and there are many different surgical techniques. In this study, the authors present a novel method which the authors use costal cartilage and costal perichondrium sandwich graft as an interposition graft with bilateral opposing mucoperichondrial flaps. Patients and Methods: Fourteen patients (5 females, 9 males) underwent septal perforation repair. All surgeries were performed through an open approach septoplasty technique....
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Tideglusib is a glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitor which has shown the effects of bone regeneration, used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of Tideglusib in the apoptosis and the bone regeneration in rats with calvarial defects. Twenty male Wistar rats (aged 11–13 weeks) were used for the study. Full-thickness flap elevated to exposure calvarial bone. Two 5 mm critical size calvarial defects were created on each rat calvarium. The...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The type of the armed conflict on the Syrian battle field acquired several types of injuries; including injuries that were caused by explosive, shrapnel and blast injuries. In the current study, the authors conducted an overview of maxillofacial patients, who mainly suffered from ballistic injuries in term of injuries, reconstruction, and management. Overall, 53 maxillofacial Syrian patients were treated. The most prominent injury was soft tissue lacerations (21/97) and in terms of hard tissue...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
Introduction: Autologous reconstruction of segmental craniomaxillofacial bone defects is limited by insufficient graft material, donor site morbidity, and need for microsurgery. Reconstruction is challenging due to the complex three-dimensional (3D) structure of craniofacial skeleton. Customized 3D-printed patient-specific biologic scaffolds hold promise for reconstruction of the craniofacial skeleton without donor site morbidity. The authors report a porcine craniofacial defect model suitable...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The aim of this study was to provide volumetric data of the pterygopalatine fossa by semiautomatic segmentation based upon cone beam computed tomography. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 100 patients were analyzed. By using the open source software “ITK-Snap,” the volumetric measurements of 200 pterygopalatine fossae were performed. For statistical investigations paired t test, and independent Student t test were performed. Also, the Pearsons chi-square test was applied. P values...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
The authors examined the timing and causes of titanium miniplate removal after maxillofacial trauma surgery. The authors performed a retrospective study of maxillofacial fracture patients in whom maxillofacial osteosynthesis miniplates were inserted or removed at the Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, between 2008 and 2017. Predictive variables were age, sex, fracture site distribution, and time to miniplate removal with or without complications in relation to primary outcome variables. Among 185...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 03:00
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