Mutations that cause an error in the splicing of a messenger RNA (mRNA) can lead to diseases in humans. Various computational models have been developed to recognize the sequence pattern of the splice sites. In recent studies, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures were shown to outperform other existing models in predicting the splice sites. However, an insufficient effort has been put into extending the CNN model to predict the effect of the genomic variants on the splicing of mRNAs....
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
The germination of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds is affected by drought stress; however, little is known about the physiological mechanism affecting germination and the effect of melatonin (MT) on cotton seed germination under drought stress. Therefore, we studied the effects of exogenous MT on the antioxidant capacity and epidermal microstructure of cotton under drought stress. The results demonstrated a retarded water absorption capacity of testa under drought stress, significantly inhibiting...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Rodent populations in arid grasslands do not always track seed production, possibly due to high levels of plant litter. When natural disturbances are suppressed, litter accumulates becoming physically complex, causing rodents to harvest fewer seeds per equivalent time foraging. It also alters security from predation. Restoring natural disturbances may be an important element in conserving rodent communities. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of two levels of plant litter cover and...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Background Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the final output is unclear. Here, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the PMd to alter cortical excitability not only at the application site but also at the PMd projection...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Background Beginning in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused an outbreak of infectious pneumonia. The Chinese government introduced a series of grounding measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The living and working patterns of many scientific researchers also underwent significant changes during this period. Methods An opportunity sample (n = 251) was obtained in China using a questionnaire with 42 questions on scientific research progress and psychological...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Background Distinguishing between different types of thyroid cancers (TC) remains challenging in clinical laboratories. As different tumor types require different clinical interventions, it is necessary to establish new methods for accurate diagnosis of TC. Methods Proteomic analysis of the human serum was performed through data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry for 29 patients with TC (stages I–IV): 13 cases of papillary TC (PTC), 10 cases of medullary TC (MTC), and six cases...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with T‐helper 2 (Th2) response and induced by pathogen, allergen, toll‐like receptor (TLR) ligands, and cytokines. Fibroblasts are known to be modulators of wound‐healing, from inflammation to tissue remodeling. We examined effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on TSLP production and the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to determine whether the effects of commonly...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 22:21
Background Although treatment with checkpoint blockade is now accepted as standard of care for cutaneous melanoma, few studies have investigated its role in sinonasal melanoma (SNM). We aimed to evaluate whether immunotherapy was associated with improved survival in SNM and to compare the effect of immunotherapy in metastatic sinonasal and cutaneous melanoma. Methods This was a cohort study of patients included in the United States National Cancer Database who had been diagnosed with sinonasal...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:16
Study Objectives. A very limited number of studies have evaluated the prevalence of sleep problems, and related factors, in Iranian medical students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance and potential associated factors among medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 315 medical students chosen by stratified random sampling participated in the academic year 2018-2019. The Pittsburgh Instrument...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 10:35
ABSTRACT The State of Santa Catarina is located in the South of Brazil, covering an area of 95,730 km2, and is divided into 295 municipalities, with an estimated population of 7.164.788 inhabitants. Specialised medical facilities are centralised in urban centres. The State has 39 registered Oral Medicine (OM) specialists (one per 183,700 inhabitants).
Sun Jul 05, 2020 17:54
In our study, we reviewed 24 studies on laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery for gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and analysis the limitations and difficulties of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for GBC. MIS for GBC is limited to highly screened patients and is considered to be technically feasible in experienced surgeons. However, improvements in technical and instrumental are needed to reduce the associated postoperative complications and implantation metastasis, and to promote MIS in the treatment...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:50
Surgery is the primary treatment for patients with recurrent head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma who have previously been treated by definitive surgery and radiotherapy. These patients were found to have high recurrence rates with poor survival justifying consideration for treatment with anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy strategies. Abstract Background Surgery is the primary treatment for patients with recurrent head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) who have previously...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:50
This is a descriptive study on 26 patients affected by complications of non‐congenital jejunoileal diverticula. Abdominal computed tomography was diagnostic in 35% of patients. Ten (38%) patients had bowel perforation, nine (35%) acute diverticulitis, five (19%) bowel obstruction and two (8%) had intestinal bleeding. Twenty‐one (81%) patients underwent surgery, two (8%) were managed by computed tomography‐guided drainage of collections, and three (11%) were treated with antibiotics. One patient...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:47
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare but aggressive neoplasm that confers a poor prognosis. This article describes the management of adrenocortical carcinoma in Western Australia over the last 14 years and a review of the literature. Achieving an R0 resection is the key in reducing local recurrence which is best performed by high‐volume centres. The ENSAT stage is most predictive of overall survival Abstract Background Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare but aggressive form of endocrine...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:47
Abstract Asthma is a heterogeneous disease encompassing several distinct sub‐phenotypes with different aetiologies and treatment responses, but we are lacking markers to differentiate patient subgroups. MicroRNAs (miRNA) can regulate gene expression post‐transcriptionally. Due to their high stability in body fluids, their easy detection, and their functional relevance in asthma, we and others have proposed extracellular miRNAs in non‐invasive clinical samples as biomarkers for asthma. Yet, extracellular...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 20:17
Abstract Objective Informal caregivers play a fundamental role in care and decision making with hematological cancer patients. Concordant patient‐caregiver communication is a critical antecedent to high quality decision making. Little is known about patterns of dyadic communication throughout the cancer treatment continuum. The objective of this study was to assess patterns of cancer communication concordance regarding treatment and care among hematological cancer patients undergoing active treatment...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 20:19
Objective The rs12608932 single nucleotide polymorphism in UNC13A is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) susceptibility, and may underlie differences in treatment response. We aimed to characterize the clinical, cognitive, behavioral, and neuroimaging phenotype of UNC13A in ALS patients. Methods We included 2,216 ALS patients without a C9orf72 mutation to identify clinical characteristics associated with the UNC13A polymorphism. A subcohort...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 11:21
Electrofreezing experiments of super‐cooled water (SCW) with different ions, performed directly on the charged hemihedral faces of pyroelectric LiTaO 3 and AgI crystals, in the presence and in the absence of pyroelectric charge are reported. It is demonstrated that bicarbonate (HCO 3 ⁻ ) ions elevate the icing temperature near the positively charged faces. In contrast, the hydronium (H 3 O ⁺ ), slightly reduces the icing temperature. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest that the hydrated...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 20:58
Messenger RNA (mRNA) with phosphorothioate modification (PS‐mRNA) to the phosphate site of A, G, C and U with all possible 16 combinations were prepared, and the translation reaction was evaluated using an E. coli cell‐free translation system. Protein synthesis from PS‐mRNA increased in 12 of 15 patterns when compared with that of unmodified mRNA. The protein yield increased 22‐fold when the phosphorothioate modification at A/C sites was introduced into the region from the 5'‐end to the initiation...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 18:12
The synthesis of tropanes via a microwave‐assisted, stereoselective retro‐ 6p electrocyclic ring‐opening / Huisgen [3+2]‐cycloaddition cascade of cyclopropanated pyrrole and furan derivatives with electron‑deficient dipolarophiles is demonstrated. Starting from furans or pyrroles, 8‐aza‐ and 8‑oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes are accessible in two steps in dia‐ and enantioselective pure form, being versatile building blocks for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant targets, especially for new cocaine...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 18:11
Lattice compression through hydrostatic pressure is an effective way to tune the structural and optical properties of two‐dimensional (2D) halide perovskites ‐ a new class of emerging materials for photovoltaic and light‐emitting applications. However, few examples exhibit improved photoluminescence (PL) performance of 2D perovskites upon compression. It also remains unclear how the pressure‐induced structural changes affect carrier trapping, which is critical for the optoelectronic properties of...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 18:08
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Neuroprotective agent, curcumin how can affect restorative action of neural stem/ progenitor cells on the injured rat brain? What is the main finding and its importance? We found that in the presence of curcumin, transplantation of NS/PCs in the context of PuraMatrix reduced the lesion size, reactive inflammatory responses, and boosted survival rate of grafted neurons as well. Besides these findings, transplantation of NS/PCs...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:47
Abstract Heat acclimation (HA) increases tolerance to exercise performed in the heat and may improve maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in temperate environments. However, it is unknown if HA affects the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HA on skeletal muscle markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in recreationally trained adults. Thirteen (7 males...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 21:46
Abstract Purpose To study changes in lung function among individuals with a risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and if asthma affected this relationship. Methods We used data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II and III, a multicentre general population study. Participants answered questionnaires and performed spirometry at...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 03:00
Upper neck impairments are more prevalent in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) but the differences between specific types of TMDs are unclear. This study evaluated the distribution of such impairments among different forms of TMD. In total, 116 participants (86 women and 30 men, age range 21–75 yr) were investigated. Forty‐two individuals had no TMDs and were assigned to the control group. The remaining 74 patients were assigned to one of three groups based on the Diagnostic Criteria...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 10:45
Background Several states have opted to expand Medicaid under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which offers insurance coverage to low‐income individuals up to 138% of the federal poverty level. This expansion of Medicaid to a medically vulnerable population potentially can reduce cancer outcome disparities, especially among patients with screening‐amenable cancers. The objective of the current study was to estimate the effect of Medicaid expansion on the percentage of adults...
Mon Jul 06, 2020 10:22
Abstract Objectives Patients with locally advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (LA‐NSCLC) develop brain metastases in 25–50% of cases during the course of their disease. Data on the incidence of metastases occurring in the hippocampus/perihippocampal zones are limited. This is important when considering hippocampal‐sparing brain radiation (HS‐BR), a method that could potentially reduce the neurocognitive impact of such treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of hippocampal/perihippocampal...
Sun Jul 05, 2020 20:49
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